Vol. 47 No. 4 (1999)
Research Article

The Law and Newborns' Personal Names in the United States

Published 1999-12-01

Abstract

Abstract

A number of legal questions related to the naming of children whose parents are citizens of the United States are addressed: Must these children be given personal names? If so, do restrictions exist on what those names may be, or how soon after birth they must be given? Can a newborn's personal name, once recorded on a birth certificate, be legally changed without the intervention of a court? And, if such intervention is necessary, is it pro forma or could the court deny a proposed change, and if so on what grounds? The statutes and caselaw governing newborns’ personal names are reviewed, the general conclusions being that the government and legal system have so far chosen to intervene very little in such matters (at least compared to the level of intervention in many other countries), and that when such laws exist at all they tend to be quite lenient.

References

  1. A. Books, Articles, and Caselaw
  2. Algeo, John, and Adele Algeo. 1983. “Bible Belt Onomastics Revisited.” Names 31:103–16.
  3. “Baby Ivory Gets Parents into Tiff with Officialdom.” 1998. The Vancouver Sun, 7 May, n.p.
  4. Bald, Margaret. 1998. “Name Games.” World Press Review, 1 September, p. 38.
  5. Bander, Edward J. 1973. Change of Names and Law of Names. Dobbs Ferry:Oceania Publications, Inc. Rev. of Lawrence G. Green, Law of Names and How to Change Your Name (New York:Oceania Publications, 1954).
  6. Brill v. Hodges, 783 F. Supp. 333 (1991), U.S. Dist. LEXIS 1772.
  7. The Convention on the Rights of the Child. 1989. On-line URL as of 3 March 1999, http://www.unicef.org/crc/conven.htm.
  8. Davies, Russell. 1996. “Noam Chomsky: A Life of Dissent.” New Statesman, 30 May, p. 52.
  9. Enninger, Werner. 1985. “Amish By-Names.” Names 33:243–58.
  10. “Erykah Badu Gives Birth to Son at Home in Dallas; Names Him Seven.” 1997. Jet, 8 December, p. 38.
  11. Foggan, Laura Anne. 1983. “Note: Parents’ Selection of Children’s Surnames.” George Washington Law Review 51:583–99.
  12. Foster, Daniel R. 1999. “Very First Person.” Los Angeles Times, 7 March, Section Los Angeles Times Magazine, p. 16.
  13. Garwood, S. Gray, et al. 1983. “Should Henrietta be Punished or Rewarded? The Effects of Name Desirability on Responsibility Attribution and Sanction Assignment.” Names 31:318–33.
  14. Gerston, Jill. 1997. “Gee, That’s an Odd Name. Ever Think of Acting?” The New York Times, 18 May. 2:23.
  15. “Hospitalized Toddler Never Was Given Name. ” 1988. National Digest, 1 October, p. 7A.
  16. Kinnon, Joy Bennett. 1998. “Plans to Make Music.” Ebony, July, p. 69.
  17. Lockney, Thomas M., and Karl Ames. 1981. “Is 1069 a Name?” Names 29:1–35.
  18. Lombard, Frederica K. 1984. “The Law on Naming Children.” Names 32:129–37
  19. “A Man Named Sue Is Dead at 84; Prosecutor Aide at Scopes Trial.” 1980. The New York Times, 30 June, D:15.
  20. Mehrabian, Albert. 1997. “Impressions Created by Given Names.” Names:A Journal of Onomastics 45:19–33.
  21. “Moniker ‘Ivory’ Making Waves.” 1998. The [Montreal] Gazette, 6 May, Al.
  22. Murray, Thomas E. 1995. “From Trade Name to Generic:The Case of Coke.” Names 43:165–86.
  23. Namnlagsutredningen. 1979. Nya namnregler:betänkande/av Namnlag- sutredningen. Statens offentliga utredningar 25. Stockholm:Liber- Förlag/Allmänna fori.
  24. “Octuplets Are Named in Nigerian Tradition.” 1998. The New York Times, 24 December, section A: 14.
  25. Pham, Huy S. 1998. “U.S. Must Join World in Backing Convention on Rights of the Child.” [Minneapolis] Star Tribune, 4 October, A:25.
  26. Rennick, Robert M. 1965. “Judicial Procedures for a Change-of-Name in the United States.” Names 13:145–68.
  27. Rules Governing the Regulation of Vital Records and Statistics. 1998. Np:np.
  28. Slovenko, Ralph. 1984. “Overview: Names and the Law.” Names 32:107–13.
  29. Stewart, George R. 1979. American Given Names. Oxford:Oxford UP.
  30. Studia Anthroponymica Scandinavica (volume 13). 1995.
  31. Tosches, Rich. 1994. “This Isn’t Another Fish Story.” Los Angeles Times, 14 March, section View, part E, p. 1.
  32. Tunley, Roul. 1999. “The Polio Threat.” Family Circle, 16 February, pp. 92, 94, 98, 100.
  33. “What’s in a Name?” 1998. The [Montreal] Gazette, 2 January, B:2.
  34. Willingham-McLain, Laurel. 1997. “Arrosoir, oui, Manhattan, non: Naming and the Law in France.” Names 45:185–202.
  35. Woodcock, Connie. 1998. “Big Bro. Knows Best.” The Toronto Sun, 9 May, section Editorial/Opinion, p. 16.
  36. “World Briefs.” 1999. Newsday, 11 January, A: 19.